Octopus Conference 2025

Mainstreaming of cyber interference in democratic processes, particularly in elections where internal political actors consider cyber interference as part of election operations strategy is an emerging disturbing dimension of cyber interference whereby electoral interference actors are not only external actors but internal actors, capable of undermining the integrity of the elections from within.

These developments were observed in a number of elections in 2024, including 13 elections held on the African continent. Such a development; if unchecked could become ‘the new norm’ of cyber interference especially when deterrence mechanisms are weak or in some cases non-existent to deter such malign cyber actors. My book, the "The 10 Commandments for Sustainable National Cybersecurity Development - African in Context: Practical Lessons & Good Practice” provide some perspectives including legislative response to guide nations on mitigating such disturbing trends.

The panel discussion on Cyber interference with Democracy at the just ended Octopus Conference held in Strasbourg from June 4-6, 2025, was a perfect forum to deliberate on the issue. I extend my appreciation to the Council of Europe for the opportunity to share my perspectives on such developments on the African continent.

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